![]() ![]() ![]() We were able to locate only three relevant factor analytic studies of borderline personality disorder criteria, one for DSM-III (6), one for DSM-III-R (10), and one for DSM-IV (11). One way to probe the fuzzy boundaries of diagnostic criteria is to use factor analysis to empirically identify meaningful components of the disorder. DSM-III-R increased the coverage of the diagnoses in DSM-III but also increased the diagnostic overlap (9). Therefore, it is unclear whether the DSM-III divisions reduced heterogeneity or merely shifted the fuzzy boundaries from one construct to another. Patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder rarely meet the criteria for schizotypal personality disorder, thus reducing heterogeneity, but subjects diagnosed with schizotypal personality disorder often meet the criteria for borderline personality disorder (5– 8). The DSM-III division of the borderline construct into borderline personality disorder and schizotypal personality disorder reduced the heterogeneity of the construct, but only to some extent. in the Danish adoption studies (3, 4) and became the basis for DSM-III schizotypal personality disorder. Use of the term in this manner is consistent with the use by Kety et al. The second way the term was often used, according to the Spitzer group, was to “describe certain psychopathological characteristics, usually stable over time, and assumed to be genetically related to a spectrum of disorders including chronic schizophrenia” (1, p. This conceptualization was consistent with the work of Gunderson and Singer (2), among others, and became the basis for DSM-III borderline personality disorder. The first referred to “a constellation of relatively enduring personality features of instability and vulnerability with important treatment and outcome correlates” (1, p. Recognizing that the term “borderline” had been used as an adjective to modify a large number of terms (including “condition,” “syndrome,” “personality,” “state,” “character,” “pattern,” “organization,” and “schizophrenia”), the Spitzer group distilled the range of uses into the two major ways that the term had been used most often. (1), who clarified what soon after became DSM-III criteria. Recognition of these components may inform treatment plans.īorderline personality disorder was first distinguished from the broader construct of borderline personality by Spitzer et al. CONCLUSIONS: Exploratory factor analysis revealed three homogeneous components of borderline personality disorder that may represent personality, behavioral, and affective features central to the disorder. These factors were disturbed relatedness (unstable relationships, identity disturbance, and chronic emptiness) behavioral dysregulation (impulsivity and suicidal/self-mutilative behavior) and affective dysregulation (affective instability, inappropriate anger, and efforts to avoid abandonment). A principal components factor analysis with a varimax rotation accounted for 57.2% of the variance and revealed three homogeneous factors. RESULTS: Cronbach’s coefficient alpha for the borderline personality disorder criteria was 0.69. They used correlational analyses to examine the associations among the different criteria for borderline personality disorder and performed an exploratory factor analysis. METHOD: The authors assessed 141 acutely ill inpatients with the Personality Disorder Examination, a semistructured diagnostic interview for DSM-III-R personality disorders. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine the factor structure of the DSM-III-R criteria for borderline personality disorder in young adult psychiatric inpatients.
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